Our completed Radio News Bulletin:
 |
| Organised all of the tracks as this is our final composition of our local radio news bulletin |
In our final production, we used two presenters, one specialist reporter and organised our tracks in a structure to show what will be the most important to the least important news item in our local news bulletin.
Evaluation Questions: (Group and Individual) In the evaluation the following SEVEN questions must be addressed:
1. In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?
2. How does your media product represent particular social groups?
|
3) What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?
4) Who would be the audience for your media product?
5)How did you attract/address your audience?
From my radio news bulletin we made sure we approached the members of the public with a polite tone of voice. for example when i said "Thank you Mr Barry" shows that i don't know the person, because i would automatically use slang or a comfortable tone of voice. it also shows my use of linguistics in when i talk to people. saying please and thank you also shows that you are thankful for their cooperation.
6) What have you learnt about technologies from the process from constructing this product?
7)Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to the full product?
Answering
Evaluation Question 7 Our Duologue Script
N: What did we know by the time we had
finished the Preliminary Task?
L:
We knew how record a voice, how to import archive audio, how to use the
time-shift tool, the amplify tool and how to arrange three or four audio files
on a single time-line.
N: We also had learned how to plan a simple
audio project using a flow chart and a script.
L. OK so everything else we now know ………we’ve
learned since then like……. new values
N. Yes. I guess the first big thing we’ve
learned is GENRE and especially the
GENRE of local radio news bulletins. We know that understanding GENRE means
knowing about the key codes and conventions of news.
L. Like news is broadcast on the hour and
its usually about FIVE MINUTES LONG.
N. That the presenter announces her name so that the listening audience knows who said
what because she is supposed to be telling the truth, giving facts.
We’re trusting her to tell the truth.
L. Other codes and conventions of the GENRE is the use of interviews and
specialist reporters speaking from the scene of the news item to give them more
believability.
N: The next big idea we have learned about
is AUDIENCES and target audiences.
Before we were able to construct our own news bulletin we had to go out and
observe and interview the demographic who would be listening to our bulletin:
residents and those who work in St John’s Wood –
L. That’s right because interviewing people is not easy –
you’ve got to accept they will refuse and you’ve got to ask questions to make
them give you good answers.
N: We didn’t do a good job in our audience
research because we were too shy but we got better when we did the vox pops.
L. We had to learn about news values and how to write news copy that could be heard and
understood first time by our listening audience. This was another difficult
thing to learn and we had to practise and practise until it sounded clear and
easy to understand. Here’s an example.
Main Task: (Group) 60 Marks
This year, OCR have set us the goal of producing a five minute news bulletin (local radio) show that must include:
- 1 or 2 presenters
- 2 specialist reporters (for example a health reporter and a entertainment correspondent)
- at least 2 OBs
- recorded interview
- a vox pop
- appropriate sound fx
- structure
- Title Music (composed by Garage Band)
I have to create a five minute news bulletin (local radio) includes title music, presenter, specialist reports, OBs, recorded interview, a vox pop and appropriate sound fix and structure. All audio material must be original and has to be produced by the candidate(s), with the exception of music or audio effects from a copyright free source. Both preliminary and main be done individually or as a group. If some of the tasks are in a group the maximum four members each group.
JOBS TO DO
|
RESPONSIBILITY
|
DATE
| |
1
|
Title music
| Niamh |
28/02/16
|
2
|
Presenter Audition
| Niamh |
29/02/16
|
3
|
Specialist reporter
| Latoya |
29/02/16
|
4
|
OBs
| Latoya |
5/03/16
|
5
|
Recorded interviews
| Niamh |
4/03/16
|
6
|
Vox pop
| Niamh |
7/03/16
|
7
|
Sound fx
| Latoya |
16/03/16
|
8
|
Structure
| Niamh |
9/03/16
|
OUR NEWS ITEMS
1. Education
2. Employment
3. Entertainment
3. Entertainment
4. Transport
5. Politics
6. Health
Preliminary Exercise:
- The introductory music/jingle for a show on the radio with a presenter introducing and greeting their guest (who must respond) and playing an archive sound clip relating to the guest (approximately 30-40 seconds duration in total).
Production Roles:
Niamh Fitzgerald - Co editor
Niomie Wogan (5123) - Co editor
Jacob Mechan (5074) - Presenter
First Draft of the Script:
ROLE
|
NAME
|
SPEECH
|
SFX
|
Presenter
|
Jacob
|
What’s up guys, my name is Jacob and you’re listening to Delta FM.
|
Jingle
|
Presenter
|
Jacob
|
Today we have a special guest, Emily Green, who debuted her first album ‘Sandcastle Stories” Tell us a little bit about it.
|
Archive
|
Guest
|
Eleanor
|
Hey thank you for having me; it’s a pleasure to be here. I’ve been working on it for two years.
|
Archive
|
Presenter
|
That was Emily Greenwood, and this has been Delta FM.
| Jingle |
Final Script
ROLE
|
NAME
|
SPEECH
|
SFX
|
Presenter
|
Jacob
|
What’s up guys, my name is Jacob and you’re listening to Delta FM.
|
Jingle
|
Presenter
|
Jacob
|
Today we have a special guest, Emily Green, who debuted her first album ‘Sandcastle Stories” Tell us a little bit about it.
| |
Guest
|
Eleanor
|
Hey thank you for having me; it’s a pleasure to be here. I’ve been working on it for two years. I hope my fans love it as much as I do.
|
Archive
|
Presenter
|
Now it’s up to you guys at home. Tweet us your questions and Emily will answer them.
| Jingle |
Planning Document: Credit to (Niomie Wogan)
 |
| This is the flowchart that Niomie created on PowerPoint to showcase the flow of the final script, and how everything was going to be set up. As you can see everything is clearly organised and has the appropriate sound archives when the presenter and the guest are speaking, and the cues of when the sound archives begins and ends. |
Editing:
 |
| Using the software audacity to edit our preliminary task |
On Google search engine, I visited the site freesound.org and searched up clapping audio in order to import it to audacity. I wanted the clapping audio in order to introduce the guest (Eleanor). After importing the audio, it was visible that the track was too long, therefore I made the track shorter. I also decided to amplify the track to make it louder by going to effect and clicking amplify.
 |
| Co - Editors - Me and Niomie on Audacity |
Finished Preliminary Task:
My team consisted of one presenter, one guest and two co-editors. After we planned the script and recorded the audio, the co-editors then put the audio onto audacity. As a group we decided that the archive sound should be clapping. We went on google search engine and went on the site freesound.org. Later, we downloaded the audio file into audacity. However, the audio file did not match the voices of the presenter and the guest. So, instead we imported a jingle as the intro and outro to the radio show, but we also imported a guitar strum archive, which matched the guest who is a singer promoting her new album.
Research Tasks: (Individual) 10 Marks
Secondary Research Methods
SEARCH ENGINE
For the majority of my research, I used Google as it is the most used and trusted search engine. However, I learnt that Google uses algorithms which are mathematical formulas that code for every search a person makes. Therefore, when I make a search enquiry, Google collates my searches to show me what Google assumes I want to see. Furthermore, I found that the more refined my search is, the less results I get.
GENRE RESEARCH
Firstly, I need to understand the genre of a local radio news bulletin. To do this I need to first depict the codes and convention of the genre. In order to find the codes and conventions of a local radio news broadcast, I needed to do some research. I did this by going on a search engine (www.google.com). After that, I visited BBC iplayer radio and went on their Local Radios. When I found a local radio broadcast, I recorded the news segment on Audacity and then later on, analysed the news segment for their codes and conventions. By knowing what a media text is, it is vital to know about its Genre and doing this is to understand their Codes and Conventions. All media texts can be analysed generically and by doing this is to show their constituent elements. This is what I am now going to do for two different local radio news broadcasts which are BBC radio Essex News and BBC radio London 94.9 News.
UNDERSTANDING THE GENRE LOCAL RADIO NEWS
CODES AND CONVENTIONS: BBC RADIO ESSEX NEWS
CC1 - The Introduction / Jingle is important for the audience as it tells us the identification of what the show is which tells us this radio show is BBC Essex News. It is also important as it given us a clear and precise telling of what radio show it is so it is easier for people to remember the show and spread the word of either how good or bad it is. Lastly, it also helps people to know what part of the BBC radio show they are listening to as there are many different groups/fractions across the UK.
CC2 - The Presenters Name is important for the audience as it tells us who is giving us the updates of what is happening in the world today. Also the presenters aim throughout the show is be really lively and tell the audience in a very clear and decisive tone of voice. Lastly, a radio presenter is the introductory voice of the broadcast, this means he or she has to keep the show flowing in order to entertain an audience.
CC3 - Topic 1 is one of the most important code and convention to look at, as the presenter update every hour of what is going on round the world but as this is the first update in 9AM news it was really important. This is because usually the first update of news is mostly aimed for everybody to know as it can effect people with where they live, how they live because of how serious the situation is.
CC4 - Topic 2 is important for the audience to know what medical issues are happening in the UK as it can effect people with their health or their families health with going to their GP.
CC5 - Topic 3 is important for the audience as it tells us what's been happening with the violence side which shows are not just doing a specific genre of news their doing different variety from health to violence to sports to keep everyone interested and know every specific and important news the presenter has given them.
BBC RADIO LONDON 94.9 NEWS
CC1- The jingle is a way for the listener to quickly recognise the radio station. This is because radio is a blind medium, therefore the listener needs indication that the news segment is about to start.
CC2 - The Radio Identification indicates to the audience the blind medium of the radio station of what radio show they are listening to before the show starts.
CC3 - The presenters name is important for the audience as it tells us who is giving us the updates of what is happening in the world today. Also the presenters aim throughout the show is be really lively and tell the audience in a very clear and decisive tone of voice. Lastly, a radio presenter is the introductory voice of the broadcast, this means he or she has to keep the show flowing in order to entertain an audience.
CC4 - The time is mentioned within a radio broadcast because it sets the context of the news. Due to advancement in technology, listeners can listen to any BBC news broadcast when it is not live by going to the BBC iPlayer website. Conclusively, time is important because it informs the listener to what is relevant at the current moment.
CC5 - The Local Topic is important towards the audience as usually the first update of news is mostly aimed for everybody to know as it can effect people with where they live, how they live because of how serious the situation is.
CC6 - The first topic is politics which effects the audience immensely. This is because while talking about politics they are including people's jobs being at risk due to the rise of immigration. I believe this news item is the most important as it effects everyone from children to elderly adults as includes a topic which everyone is involved with.
Content Analysis Using News Values
News values are guidelines for journalists to decide what news stories they will cover. Here are some aspects of news values:
1. Timeliness - news is something that is new so stories two weeks ago are not relevant and is not news anymore. If there is a new development to a story that happened yesterday then it could become potentially news again because of the new development
2. Proximity - the distant from the audience and the news story is important. If the news story is near local media then they will most likely cover that news story as it is relevant to the local audience
3. Unusualness - if the news story is not common and if unusual then it will most likely be covered. For example if a person raised dogs in a kennel then it will not be covered because it is most unusual or out of the ordinary. However, if someone raised a giraffe in the local area then it will be covered because it is not expected.
4. Bad news - covers negative overtones, which often includes conflict or tragedy like an explosion leading in a huge loss of life, however if no lives where affected then it would not be covered.
5. Impact - concerns the number of people affected. For example if there is an epidemic that affects several hundred people then it will be covered, however if it is only two or three people affected then it is not news worthy. In addition, strikes of public transportation will be newsworthy as it affects residents in that local area.
6. Celebrities/ elite people - famous people or powerful nations will be on the news because people want to know about it. Also, some international news will be on the news more often than other countries. Countries like America will appear more on the news than countries like Ghana because America is a more elite nation.
7. Entertainment - stories with human interest, like stories that talk about people doing regular things but somehow it becomes interesting or noteworthy. This also includes stories about animals, or stories that include humor or in general feel good stories that are fun to read.
8. Good news - stories about rescues or cures. Obviously feel good stories that the media love to report on.
9. Follow-ups - if there is a new development on news that has the news already covered then it will likely be reported on again. This is because journalists are already familiar with the news story and so are the audiences so it easier for the journalist to bring it back to the audiences mind. It is also because it caught their attention beforehand and was newsworthy. That is how very often we get media frenzies where the media keep covering the same news story but they keep churning information out.
10. Media agenda - there are some stories that fit into the news organisations’ own media agenda. For example, if newspapers or TV stations have a certain outlook on political issues so they will pick up news that fits with their outlook.
LOCAL RADIO ESSEX - NEWS VALUES ANALYSIS
After answering the 5Ws the journalist then needs to delve further by providing additional layers of information and more details. If there are people involved then the journalist could include eyewitnesses and victims, giving their own personal accounts and opinions. If there is a crisis then an expert would be useful in describing how the certain event occurred.
UNDERSTANDING AUDIENCES
To help me understand more about audiences I need to deepen my knowledge on audiences. One person who will help me decode audiences is Stuart Hall:
Stuart Hall was a Jamaican born cultural theorist and sociologist who lived and worked in the Uk from 1951. He was the president of the British sociological association between 1995 to 1997. Stuart looked at the role of audience positioning in the interpretation of mass media texts by different social groups
Encoding and Decoding by Stuart Hall:
The Encoding/decoding model of communication was first developed by cultural studies scholar Stuart Hall in 1973. It is titled as 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse,' Hall's essay offers a theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, disseminated, and interpreted.
Stuart's model claims that TV and other media audiences are presented with messages that are decoded, or interpreted in different ways depending on an individual's cultural background, economic standing, and personal experiences.
Encoding/decoding is the translation of a message that is easily understood. When you decode a message, you are extracting the meaning of that message into terms that you are able to easily understand. For example, since advertisements can have multiple layers of meaning, they can be decoded in various ways and can mean something different to different people. Hall claims that the decoding subject can assume three different positions: Dominant/hegemonic position, negotiated position, and oppositional position.
What is Preferred Reading?
Preferred reading is when an amount of group of audience respond to the product the way that the media wants and expects them to.
What is Negotiated Reading?
Negotiated Reading is when a member of the audience partly agrees with part of the audience will partly agree with part of the product. For an example, a product of a Film, Documentary or a TV programme.
What is Oppositional Reading?
Oppositional Reading is when the audience are in complete disagreement with the interpretation of what the media message or their setting is.
From a local news broadcast in Essex there was a story of the prisoners, who are getting longer sentence than they should for being in prison. I used different opinions on the audience of what their feelings were towards this story which are the Preferred, Negotiated and Oppositional reading:
PREFERRED READING
Some of audience will believe that although it is common for this to happen, they still can't do anything about it always happens to the public in UK whether it is their self, their families or friends and believe they should just live with it instead of getting involved.
NEGOTIATED READING
On the other hand, some of the audience will believe this is outrageous as they believe why give a sentence of 2 years then leave 11 years later. They will think this is unfair for the prisoner, he or she's family and friends as they gave them false hope of their sentence and believes they should do their sentence and leave instead of keeping in prison for no reason at all especially for an extra nine years.
OPPOSITIONAL READING
Lastly, some of the audience will believe that the prisoners should stay in prison no matter when their sentence ends, as they believe that the prison staff should not realise the prisoner until they believe they aren't in risk of danger towards the outside world. They believe this should be done as this story effects all of the people in the UK and also make sure that prisoners especially with long time sentence extra careful of when they are realised.
Audience Research - Radio Show
For my audience research, I firstly came up with four questions to ask the public in Wembley for my local radio show I will be producing which is called 'Westminster Waves'. Our local radio show is based on the upcoming event which is Halloween. The four questions we asked the public were:
WHAT makes St Johns Wood Special?
WHAT brings you to St Johns Wood today?
IF you could change anything about area, what would it be?
WHAT IS the best time of the year to be in St Johns Wood?
In St Johns Wood there is a various of facilities you can do there, such as taking your child to school, or go to get a quick coffee with a friend, or even go to the station to go station to go into central of London for work or for a day out with family and friends.
I have to create a five minute news bulletin (local radio) includes title music, presenter, specialist reports, OBs, recorded interview, a vox pop and appropriate sound fix and structure. All audio material must be original and has to be produced by the candidate(s), with the exception of music or audio effects from a copyright free source. Both preliminary and main be done individually or as a group. If some of the tasks are in a group the maximum four members each group.
OUR NEWS ITEMS
I am choosing to organise my six local radio news items in the numbered order as I want to create a good structure. What I mean by structure is to create contrast between the items so that as the audience listen they are able to distinguish between one item and the next item instead of it just being one thing after another. One way I want to do this is through consecutive items that address different parts of the broadcast's demographic.
Opening To The Radio Broadcast / Jingle:
The Set Up:
First of all, my group decided to use Garage band to create an introduction to our radio show 'St John's News'. After that, we chose to use the piano setting of garage band as we want create a nice rhythm for our audience to enjoy and engage before they hear the news.
While playing around with the keyboard to figuring out what sort of sound will be the best for our radio. We looked at other different types of sounds than the piano as we were thinking that the piano was not the answer. Then, we decided to pick an orchestral sound of 'Cabernet all' as it had an engaging rhythm which my group and I thought it was best to use this as the main rhythm to our theme tune of our radio show.
This is our finished piece of editing to our theme tune. We decided to put in another piece of sound to give more of an energetic and catchy sound. We did this by picking one of the clean beats to back up the main sound to it. The beat is called 'Deal Breaker Beat' as this is sound suited to the main sound extremely well and gave off a catchy sound which we needed to have a successful theme tune for our show. Finally, we finished up the rest of the editing by fixing up the volume of the tune by first of start quite low then go to high to when the back up sound comes on then towards the end go back to low to slow introduce the presenter straight after.
Introduction to the Radio Bulletin:
For our introduction to our radio news bulletin, we used a transition from continuity announcer to our presenter. This matters as there is a radio identification being used. This includes saying the name of the show, name of presenter, time, jingle and jumping into our first news item which was education. I believe this is effective because we were able to quote the presenter using radio identification as we are supposed to give the public of our local area a reliable and accurate news.
News Item 1: (Education)
For the majority of my research, I used Google as it is the most used and trusted search engine. However, I learnt that Google uses algorithms which are mathematical formulas that code for every search a person makes. Therefore, when I make a search enquiry, Google collates my searches to show me what Google assumes I want to see. Furthermore, I found that the more refined my search is, the less results I get.
GENRE RESEARCH
Firstly, I need to understand the genre of a local radio news bulletin. To do this I need to first depict the codes and convention of the genre. In order to find the codes and conventions of a local radio news broadcast, I needed to do some research. I did this by going on a search engine (www.google.com). After that, I visited BBC iplayer radio and went on their Local Radios. When I found a local radio broadcast, I recorded the news segment on Audacity and then later on, analysed the news segment for their codes and conventions. By knowing what a media text is, it is vital to know about its Genre and doing this is to understand their Codes and Conventions. All media texts can be analysed generically and by doing this is to show their constituent elements. This is what I am now going to do for two different local radio news broadcasts which are BBC radio Essex News and BBC radio London 94.9 News.
 |
| www.bbc.co.uk/radio/stations |
UNDERSTANDING THE GENRE LOCAL RADIO NEWS
CODES AND CONVENTIONS: BBC RADIO ESSEX NEWS
 |
| Red bit is the location of my first chosen radio station to evaluate which is Essex |
CC2 - The Presenters Name is important for the audience as it tells us who is giving us the updates of what is happening in the world today. Also the presenters aim throughout the show is be really lively and tell the audience in a very clear and decisive tone of voice. Lastly, a radio presenter is the introductory voice of the broadcast, this means he or she has to keep the show flowing in order to entertain an audience.
CC3 - Topic 1 is one of the most important code and convention to look at, as the presenter update every hour of what is going on round the world but as this is the first update in 9AM news it was really important. This is because usually the first update of news is mostly aimed for everybody to know as it can effect people with where they live, how they live because of how serious the situation is.
CC4 - Topic 2 is important for the audience to know what medical issues are happening in the UK as it can effect people with their health or their families health with going to their GP.
CC5 - Topic 3 is important for the audience as it tells us what's been happening with the violence side which shows are not just doing a specific genre of news their doing different variety from health to violence to sports to keep everyone interested and know every specific and important news the presenter has given them.
BBC RADIO LONDON 94.9 NEWS
 |
| Red bit is the location of my second chosen radio broadcast to evaluate which is London |
CC1- The jingle is a way for the listener to quickly recognise the radio station. This is because radio is a blind medium, therefore the listener needs indication that the news segment is about to start.
CC2 - The Radio Identification indicates to the audience the blind medium of the radio station of what radio show they are listening to before the show starts.
CC3 - The presenters name is important for the audience as it tells us who is giving us the updates of what is happening in the world today. Also the presenters aim throughout the show is be really lively and tell the audience in a very clear and decisive tone of voice. Lastly, a radio presenter is the introductory voice of the broadcast, this means he or she has to keep the show flowing in order to entertain an audience.
CC4 - The time is mentioned within a radio broadcast because it sets the context of the news. Due to advancement in technology, listeners can listen to any BBC news broadcast when it is not live by going to the BBC iPlayer website. Conclusively, time is important because it informs the listener to what is relevant at the current moment.
CC5 - The Local Topic is important towards the audience as usually the first update of news is mostly aimed for everybody to know as it can effect people with where they live, how they live because of how serious the situation is.
CC6 - The first topic is politics which effects the audience immensely. This is because while talking about politics they are including people's jobs being at risk due to the rise of immigration. I believe this news item is the most important as it effects everyone from children to elderly adults as includes a topic which everyone is involved with.
Content Analysis Using News Values
News values are guidelines for journalists to decide what news stories they will cover. Here are some aspects of news values:
1. Timeliness - news is something that is new so stories two weeks ago are not relevant and is not news anymore. If there is a new development to a story that happened yesterday then it could become potentially news again because of the new development
2. Proximity - the distant from the audience and the news story is important. If the news story is near local media then they will most likely cover that news story as it is relevant to the local audience
3. Unusualness - if the news story is not common and if unusual then it will most likely be covered. For example if a person raised dogs in a kennel then it will not be covered because it is most unusual or out of the ordinary. However, if someone raised a giraffe in the local area then it will be covered because it is not expected.
4. Bad news - covers negative overtones, which often includes conflict or tragedy like an explosion leading in a huge loss of life, however if no lives where affected then it would not be covered.
5. Impact - concerns the number of people affected. For example if there is an epidemic that affects several hundred people then it will be covered, however if it is only two or three people affected then it is not news worthy. In addition, strikes of public transportation will be newsworthy as it affects residents in that local area.
6. Celebrities/ elite people - famous people or powerful nations will be on the news because people want to know about it. Also, some international news will be on the news more often than other countries. Countries like America will appear more on the news than countries like Ghana because America is a more elite nation.
7. Entertainment - stories with human interest, like stories that talk about people doing regular things but somehow it becomes interesting or noteworthy. This also includes stories about animals, or stories that include humor or in general feel good stories that are fun to read.
8. Good news - stories about rescues or cures. Obviously feel good stories that the media love to report on.
9. Follow-ups - if there is a new development on news that has the news already covered then it will likely be reported on again. This is because journalists are already familiar with the news story and so are the audiences so it easier for the journalist to bring it back to the audiences mind. It is also because it caught their attention beforehand and was newsworthy. That is how very often we get media frenzies where the media keep covering the same news story but they keep churning information out.
10. Media agenda - there are some stories that fit into the news organisations’ own media agenda. For example, if newspapers or TV stations have a certain outlook on political issues so they will pick up news that fits with their outlook.
LOCAL RADIO ESSEX - NEWS VALUES ANALYSIS
Headlines and Timings
|
News Content
|
News Value
|
Police are tightening the rules on who to give a gun license to.
(0.47 seconds)
|
Man who has dementia shot his wife before turning
the gun on himself. The police blame his GP and the hospital, as they did not
inform them of the condition of what the man had.
HEALTH
|
This is Bad news because it has negative overtones
as two people were killed. This news story also has another news value, which
is that it has an impact on the local community as police are tightening on
who they give the guns to.
|
Prisoners are still in prison way longer than their
prison sentence
(0.57 seconds)
|
A man was served to be in
prison for 2 years but still there after being there for 11 years. As the
staff believe they should be there till they are no harm towards the public.
CRIME
|
This has a big impact on
the public especially with families and friends as they are effected by what
their family member or friend are having their sentence in prison at this
moment.
|
Restrict diesel cars from coming in shopping centres
(0.48 seconds) |
Environmental campaign
told us that they will do this to reduce harmful pollution around the area.
ENVIRONMENTAL
|
This is good news as it will help the public with
the pollution for their health and for the air around the area.
|
Nine serein and afghan migrants have been arrested
in Hungry.
(0.29 seconds) |
This is because they have illegally gone over the
wired fence in which is elected with Serbia. Also, the EU government were
talking about how much the countries in the EU will get the refugees.
FOREIGN ISSUES |
This has a big impact on
the people of the EU as they are effected with the new refugees trying to
come into their country. To a certain extent this is bad news as it will
affect the public with housing, jobs and businesses.
|
The biggest gathering of spitfires and hurricanes
since the second world war is taking place.
(0.24 seconds) |
This is happening as they
are remarking the 75th anniversary of the Second World War, which ended in
1945. They did this by having aircrafts flying that was used during the war
going over with the hurricanes and spitfire to also remark Britain’s victory
of winning the second world war with Germany in September 2nd 1945.
HISTORY
|
This News Value is Impact. This is because this
story has impacted on a great amount of people with members of their family
being killed, injured, fighting for their countries or even themselves.
|
FUTURE LEARN
- A MOOC is a course of study made available over the internet without charge to a very large number of people
 |
| This is the site Future Learn where I learnt important information that helped me to understand about the genre of local news radio. |
DEFINING NEWS
Hard news stories - covers the politics, economics, crimes, conflict and accidents. These stories are factual and their aim is to inform the public of what is going on. Breaking or live news is usually hard news as they are more up to date on what is happening.
Soft news stories - covers the human interest topics such as arts, entertainment, health and education. These stories are less timely and have the aim to entertain as well as inform the public. However they are also longer and is written as feature stories.
WHAT MAKES A GOOD NEWS STORY?
To make a successful news story it has to have:
- Facts
- Faces
- Voices
- Informative, so that they people can obtain useful information.
- Unbiased and objective means more credible news
- Has to have enough angles for the story to be covered
- Human element where real people tell their stories
For some reporters, they say that the best stories contain a various of information from other sources. Furthermore, qualities in what makes a good reporter are the following:
- Credibility
- Courage
- Consistency
- Sustainability
WHERE DO YOU I FIND THESE STORIES?
There are two main ways that a journalist could find a story, the first way is that the journalist is given the story typically through audience feedback, and even a local audience calling in about a complaint. It is then up to the journalist if they want to pursue that story or not. The local audience could even use social media as an outlet to contact the news station, as media outlets today have specific forms that the local audience could fill in. Journalists could also monitor their social media accounts to see what the local audience is engaging in, or having issues with.
The second way that the journalist could get the story is if the journalist themselves go out and get the news story. An important process of this is for the journalist to have a contact book that contains all of the sources that the journalist has used in past. This book contains the contacts name, position, organisation that they work at and their emails and phone numbers. A good contact would be the local police department so that the journalist is constantly thinking of what the next news story is by asking friends, family or even strangers - they have to be observant about what is going on around them.
PLACES WHERE THEY CAN FIND STORIES:
- Police/ fire/ rescue departments as they may have been events that affected a lot of people
- Local city councils or a public wok department for stories about the local community
- Universities because the journalist can talk to the professors about what they are researching. A university is also very dynamic.
- For feel good stories the civic sector is a good place to find stories about volunteers doing a special project.
- For more business orientated stories a business or trade organisation is the best place to find these stories.
- A politician is also useful is the journalist wants an opinion of a politician of a current issue.
- A press officer is also useful as they have to establish relations with journalists, and they are willing to help out with a potential story.
- The general public is also useful, as the journalist can find lots of stories or complaints from the local community.
5WS OF JOURNALISM:
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| 5Ws of journalism will help a journalist find a better and more detailed news story for the listener |
WHAT is going on?
WHO is doing that/affecting?
WHEN is that happening?
WHERE is it happening?
WHY is it happening?
After answering the 5Ws the journalist then needs to delve further by providing additional layers of information and more details. If there are people involved then the journalist could include eyewitnesses and victims, giving their own personal accounts and opinions. If there is a crisis then an expert would be useful in describing how the certain event occurred.
UNDERSTANDING AUDIENCES
Most of the time the general public is the main audience, however I plan on separating the main audience into a constituency- this means that more specific demographics are made.
My goal is to understand what is meant by the concept of an audience and to decode this concept with more than one analytical tool. Most people just think of the media as either being part of two categories, the general public (mass audience) or a more specialised audience (niche audience). A frequent problem is that most media students only identify one type of the demographic which is age, however there are multiple concepts of the demographic:
- Gender
- Sexual Orientation
- Social Class
- Location
- Age
- Ability / Disability (Radio is really effective for blind as radio is where you only just listen to the voice not watch it)
- Religious Background
- Enthnicity
To help me understand more about audiences I need to deepen my knowledge on audiences. One person who will help me decode audiences is Stuart Hall:
Stuart Hall was a Jamaican born cultural theorist and sociologist who lived and worked in the Uk from 1951. He was the president of the British sociological association between 1995 to 1997. Stuart looked at the role of audience positioning in the interpretation of mass media texts by different social groups
Encoding and Decoding by Stuart Hall:
The Encoding/decoding model of communication was first developed by cultural studies scholar Stuart Hall in 1973. It is titled as 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse,' Hall's essay offers a theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, disseminated, and interpreted.
Stuart's model claims that TV and other media audiences are presented with messages that are decoded, or interpreted in different ways depending on an individual's cultural background, economic standing, and personal experiences.
Encoding/decoding is the translation of a message that is easily understood. When you decode a message, you are extracting the meaning of that message into terms that you are able to easily understand. For example, since advertisements can have multiple layers of meaning, they can be decoded in various ways and can mean something different to different people. Hall claims that the decoding subject can assume three different positions: Dominant/hegemonic position, negotiated position, and oppositional position.
What is Preferred Reading?
Preferred reading is when an amount of group of audience respond to the product the way that the media wants and expects them to.
What is Negotiated Reading?
Negotiated Reading is when a member of the audience partly agrees with part of the audience will partly agree with part of the product. For an example, a product of a Film, Documentary or a TV programme.
What is Oppositional Reading?
Oppositional Reading is when the audience are in complete disagreement with the interpretation of what the media message or their setting is.
PREFERRED, NEGOTIATED & OPPOSITIONAL READING
OF THE PRISON STORY
From a local news broadcast in Essex there was a story of the prisoners, who are getting longer sentence than they should for being in prison. I used different opinions on the audience of what their feelings were towards this story which are the Preferred, Negotiated and Oppositional reading:
Some of audience will believe that although it is common for this to happen, they still can't do anything about it always happens to the public in UK whether it is their self, their families or friends and believe they should just live with it instead of getting involved.
NEGOTIATED READING
On the other hand, some of the audience will believe this is outrageous as they believe why give a sentence of 2 years then leave 11 years later. They will think this is unfair for the prisoner, he or she's family and friends as they gave them false hope of their sentence and believes they should do their sentence and leave instead of keeping in prison for no reason at all especially for an extra nine years.
OPPOSITIONAL READING
Lastly, some of the audience will believe that the prisoners should stay in prison no matter when their sentence ends, as they believe that the prison staff should not realise the prisoner until they believe they aren't in risk of danger towards the outside world. They believe this should be done as this story effects all of the people in the UK and also make sure that prisoners especially with long time sentence extra careful of when they are realised.
Audience Research - Radio Show
For my audience research, I firstly came up with four questions to ask the public in Wembley for my local radio show I will be producing which is called 'Westminster Waves'. Our local radio show is based on the upcoming event which is Halloween. The four questions we asked the public were:
WHAT makes St Johns Wood Special?
WHAT brings you to St Johns Wood today?
IF you could change anything about area, what would it be?
WHAT IS the best time of the year to be in St Johns Wood?
In St Johns Wood there is a various of facilities you can do there, such as taking your child to school, or go to get a quick coffee with a friend, or even go to the station to go station to go into central of London for work or for a day out with family and friends.
Main Task: (Group) 60 Marks
This year, OCR have set us the goal of producing a five minute news bulletin (local radio) show that must include:
- 1 or 2 presenters
- 2 specialist reporters (for example a health reporter and a entertainment correspondent)
- at least 2 OBs
- recorded interview
- a vox pop
- appropriate sound fx
- structure
- Title Music (composed by Garage Band)
I have to create a five minute news bulletin (local radio) includes title music, presenter, specialist reports, OBs, recorded interview, a vox pop and appropriate sound fix and structure. All audio material must be original and has to be produced by the candidate(s), with the exception of music or audio effects from a copyright free source. Both preliminary and main be done individually or as a group. If some of the tasks are in a group the maximum four members each group.
JOBS TO DO
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RESPONSIBILITY
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DATE
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|
1
|
Title music
|
Niamh |
28/02/16
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2
|
Presenter
Audition
|
Niamh |
29/02/16
|
3
|
Specialist
reporter
|
Latoya |
29/02/16
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4
|
OBs
|
Latoya |
5/03/16
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5
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Recorded
interviews
|
Niamh |
4/03/16
|
6
|
Vox pop
|
Niamh |
7/03/16
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7
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Sound
fx
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Latoya |
16/03/16
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8
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Structure
|
Niamh |
9/03/16
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OUR NEWS ITEMS
1. Education
2. Employment
3. Entertainment
3. Entertainment
4. Transport
5. Politics
6. Health
Opening To The Radio Broadcast / Jingle:
The Set Up:
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| When we picked the piano setting to help us produce the introduction of our radio show, as you can see the picture on your left, it came up with options to what sort of sound we wanted with the keyboard of a piano to help us. |
Introduction to the Radio Bulletin:
For our introduction to our radio news bulletin, we used a transition from continuity announcer to our presenter. This matters as there is a radio identification being used. This includes saying the name of the show, name of presenter, time, jingle and jumping into our first news item which was education. I believe this is effective because we were able to quote the presenter using radio identification as we are supposed to give the public of our local area a reliable and accurate news.
News Item 1: (Education)
Running order
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Script
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Timing & SFX
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1ST
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PRESENTER:
NIAMH
An important research
finding was published yesterday, by the Social Market Foundation reporting
that where children grow up determines their chances of success.
‘While it’s good news here
in St John’s Wood not every ‘area’ can be so content.’
Our education
correspondent, Latoya Markson, is talking with John Barry Local Councillor
for St John’s Wood Ward.
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21 seconds
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2ND
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SPECIALIST REPORTER: LATOYA
Why local schools are doing
so well Mr Barry?
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3RD
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GUEST: MR
LYNCH (John Barry)
A combination of excellent teachers, concerned parents and great facilities.
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4TH
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SPECIALIST REPORTER: LATOYA
How can Schools continue to
improve in such a high standard?
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5TH
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GUEST: MR
LYNCH (John Barry)
By protecting the education budget, special provision for teachers accommodation in the area.
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6TH
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SPECIALIST REPORTER: LATOYA
Thank you Mr Barry, now
back to you Niamh in the studio.
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7TH
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PRESENTER:
NIAMH
Thank you Latoya.
|
News Item 2: (Employment)
Draft Script
Running order
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Script
|
Timing & SFX
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1ST
|
PRESENTER: NIAMH
On Tuesday 8th
March there will be a 24 hour walk out followed by a 48 hour strike on 12th
March. Junior doctors believe their salary pay is not high enough for the
work they do.
Health correspondent Latoya
Markson, is at Wellington hospital located in St Johns Wood.
So Latoya, what is the
latest news on the strike?
|
|
2ND
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SPECIALIST REPORTER: LATOYA
The action is likely to
lead to thousands of non emergency operations and hospital appointments being
cancelled in the next coming days. However, the union agreed to cancel three strikes
last month and to re-enter talks with the government.
Katherine Murphy, who is
the patients association worker says “the news of this madness is extremely
disappointing, once again patients are being caught in this bitter dispute.”
All we have to wait now is
for the 8th of March for the strike walk out back to you Niamh in
the studio.
|
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3rd
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PRESENTER:
NIAMH
Thank you Latoya.
|
Editing:
 |
| For editing, I used Sync - Lock Tracks for me to drag my audio in all in one go because so the audio wont be misplaced and sound offish towards the listeners of the audio |
Running order
|
Script
|
Timing & SFX
|
1ST
|
PRESENTER: CHRIS
Junior doctors are
threatening a 24 walk out, on Tuesday at Wellington Hospital.
The walk out is in response
to detraining employment conditions.
Health correspondent Latoya
Markson is at our local hospital now.
So Latoya was is the news
on the proposed strike?
|
|
2ND
|
SPECIALIST REPORTER: LATOYA
The action is likely to lead if not tens but
thousands of planned operations and appointments being cancelled in the next
few days.
I’m here with Michael
Murphy, the patient’s association representative…
What’s your view?
|
|
3rd
|
Michael Murphy: RANDY
The News of this madness is
extremely disappointing once again patients are being caught in the middle of
this bitter dispute.
|
|
4th
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SPECIALIST REPORTER: LATOYA
This is a situation that is
likely to run and run. Back to you Chris in the Studio.
|
News Item 3: (Entertainment)
One of the considerations that a radio news journalist has to make is the trade off between perfectly recorded sound and the authenticity of the voices captured. This extract which appears on BBC world service radio opts for the quality of the content above the absolute quality of the recording levels. This is a valuable lesson sometimes.
The Film Soundtrack
Running Order
|
Script
|
Timing and effects
|
2ND MAIN PRESENTER: CHRIS
West London's last remaining video store has ceased trading for good. The closure of Maida Vale's Channel Films marks a sea-change in home entertainment habits.
|
Soundbed of
3 famous film soundtracks cut in sequence. | |
| The store favoured by famous customers such as Kate Moss and Daniel Radcliffe had been serving our local film fans with expertise and charm for more than 25 years. | Theme song from Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the lost ark | |
| OVERALL: | 0.31 seconds |
The completed news item:
News Item 4: (Transport)
For our forth news item, we talked about a good news item about a transport award ceremony. One of the awards has been given to St John's Wood Station for their progressive progress to make the station better for the public to use.
By publicising news item 4, I thought it will create a massive amount of publicity towards our audience and to the station as it will eager the St John's Wood public to use the station and to look at their improved escalators and beetle themed cafe.
We also included music to the news item as it relates to St John's Wood effectively due to the Beetles recorded their album 'Abbey Road' at Abbey Studios,located in Abbey Road, St John's Wood, London in 26th September 1969.
This is the Themed song we used for our news bulletin:
The Completed News Item:
News Item 5: (Politics)
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| Me and Latoya having a group meeting to edit on our Vox Pop |
 |
| As we have used vox pops in our local radio bulletin, I first need to import all the audio for the vox pops. This entails going onto 'File' and using the option of 'Import' to import all the audio so that I can edit all the audio into the vox pop. |
News Item 6: (Health)
Notice the language of the Jay-Z song which emphasises the attitude of ambition, of not giving in to negative feelings. I think that the line about 'being ..in the kitchen' expresses the pressure of routine work, of being at the bottom of the job market. Jay-Z is saying that even when life appears to be hard and relentless, even then it is advisable to have a optimistic and confident outlook.
  This whole news item is 30 seconds long even though the presenter's section is just 18 seconds it is topped and tailed by an intro and an outro. The purpose of the intro is to set the content of the news item BEFORE the explanation of the presenter's copy. It is designed to get the listener to wonder what a Jay-Z song is doing in a news broadcast. I want the listener to think, 'What's this doing in a NEWS broadcast?' This is followed by the news content explaining the unusual news and then it is tailed by the outro of six second of Pharrell Williams' Happy. I chose this for two reasons: nearly everyone I know is physically affected by the catchiness of the song and it kind of says that the research is probably correct and the second reason is that I wanted a musical pause immediately after the news content to allow the listeners to absorb the message of the news item. Immediately after this is going to be another news item and I didn't want the impact of this item to be lost.  As you can see from the image of the finished workspace I experimented with THREE different versions of the presenter's voice to microphone to try to discover the best combination of clarity and efficiency. Although I think that the 20 second version is clear it is just a bit too 'lazy' for the topic and the target audience (I imagine a morning audience.
This version pauses before announcing that the research is being published in The Lancet. It does this because The Lancet is a highly respected scientific publication and I wanted the AUDIENCE to take note of this detail.
While I think is is clear enough almost all the phrases are spoken at the same speed and I wanted there to be better chunking to make the whole thing clearer.
This is my preferred version because it is lively while also emphasising key aspects such as the key message about supporting improvements in mental health. This would not be expected in a news item using rap music.
The Completed 30 second News Item:
Record Store Day : 16th April 2016
While most Local Radio Station journalists are employed to play out the NEWS from an internet feed or access their news from big agencies like Reuters I chose to actually attend a local event and report directly from the heart of RECORD STORE DAY in Berwick Street. I knew that the event would be happening months before because it is an annual event and is being attended by more and more people each year and has been very well advertised through emailings, posters and radio commentaries.
Here is an audio snippet I recorded from Berwick Street itself which was the site of the busiest Record Store Day Event in the whole of London.
 I recorded the OB on a phone and when I imported it into Audacity I wanted to create an edit where the atmospheric sound of the OB linked into the studio based sound before the end of the presenter's introduction. I did this because it lifts the tempo of the broadcast and builds expectation in the listeners.
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